Polkadot 主机 (PH)
The architecture of Polkadot can be divided into two different parts, the Polkadot runtime and the Polkadot host. The Polkadot runtime is the core state transition logic of the chain and can be upgraded over the course of time and without the need for a hard fork. In comparison, the Polkadot host is the environment in which the runtime executes and is expected to remain stable and mostly static over the lifetime of Polkadot.
The Polkadot host interacts with the Polkadot runtime in limited, and well-specified ways. For this reason, implementation teams can build an alternative implementation of the Polkadot host while treating the Polkadot runtime as a black box. For more details of the interactions between the host and the runtime, please see the specification.
Polkadot 的组件
- 网络组件如 Libp2p 用于网络的交互 。
- 狀態储存和 storage trie 与数据库
- GRANDPA 和 BABE 的共识引擎。
- Wasm 解析器和虚拟机.
- Low level primitives for a blockchain, such as cryptographic primitives like hash functions.
A compiled Polkadot runtime, a blob of Wasm code, can be uploaded into the Polkadot host and used as the logic for the execution of state transitions. Without a runtime, the Polkadot host is unable to make state transitions or produce any blocks.
图表
Below is a diagram that displays the Polkadot host surrounding the Polkadot runtime. Think of the runtime (in white) as a component that can be inserted, swapped out, or removed entirely. While the parts in grey are stable and can not change without an explicit hard fork.
资源
- Polkadot Host Protocol Specification - Incubator for the Polkadot Host spec, including tests.