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›Maintain

General

  • Getting Started
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Learn

  • Polkadot Launch Phases
  • Basics

    • Architecture
    • Polkadot Accounts
    • Account Generation
    • Backing up and Restoring Accounts
    • DOT
    • Security of the network
    • Polkadot Consensus
    • Nominator
    • Validator
    • Collator
    • Governance
    • Identity
    • How to transfer Balances
    • Transaction Fees
    • Polkadot Host (PH)
    • Treasury
    • How to use W3F Registrar

    Parachains

    • Parachains
    • Parathreads
    • Bridges
    • Parachain Slots Auction
    • Parachain Crowdloans

    Advanced

    • Staking
    • Proxy Accounts
    • Availability and Validity
    • Randomness
    • Cross-chain Message Passing (XCMP)
    • SPREE
    • WebAssembly (Wasm)
    • Sequential Phragmén Method
    • Simple Payouts

    Cryptography

    • Cryptography Explainer
    • Polkadot Keys

    Polkadot Comparisons

    • Comparing Polkadot and Kusama
    • Ethereum 2.0
    • Cosmos
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    • Other comparisons

Build

  • Builder's Portal
  • Development Guide

    • Polkadot Builders Starter's Guide
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    Integration Guide

    • Integration Initiation
    • Polkadot Protocol
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    Tools

    • Tool Index

    Resources

    • Hackathon

Maintain

  • Network Maintainers
  • Parameters
  • Nodes and Dapps

    • Set up a Full Node
    • Networks
    • Set up Secure WebSocket for Remote Connections
    • Resolving Errors

    Nominator Guides

    • How to Nominate on Polkadot
    • Unbonding and Rebonding

    Validator Guides

    • How to run a Validator on Polkadot
    • Validator Payout Overview
    • Using systemd for the Validator Node
    • Secure Validator
    • How to use Polkadot Secure Validator Setup
    • Set Up a Sentry Node
    • How to Upgrade Your Validator
    • Monitor your node
    • How to Chill

    Governance Guides

    • Participate in Democracy
    • Join the Council
    • Voting for Councillors
Edit

Polkadot Parameters

Many of these parameter values can be updated via on-chain governance. If you require absolute certainty as to their values, it is recommended you directly check the constants by looking at the chain state and/or storage.

Periods of common actions and attributes

NOTE: Kusama runs 4x as fast as Polkadot, except Polkadot also has 6 second blocktimes. See Kusama Parameters for more details on how Kusama's parameters differ from Polkadot's.

  • Slot: 6 seconds *(generally one block per slot, although see note below)
  • Epoch: 4 hours (2,400 slots x 6 seconds)
  • Session: 4 hours (Session and Epoch lengths are the same)
  • Era: 24 hours (6 sessions per Era, 2,400 slots x 6 epochs x 6 seconds)
PolkadotTimeSlots*
Slot6 seconds1
Epoch4 hours2,400
Session4 hours2,400
Era24 hours14,400

*A maximum of one block per slot can be in a canonical chain. However, occasionally a slot will be without a block in the chain. Thus, the times given are estimates. See Consensus for more details.

Governance

DemocracyTimeSlotsDescription
Voting period28 days403,200How long the public can vote on a referendum.
Launch period28 days403,200How long the public can select which proposal to hold a referendum on, i.e., every week, the highest-weighted proposal will be selected to have a referendum.
Enactment period28 days403,200Time it takes for a successful referendum to be implemented on the network.
CouncilTimeSlotsDescription
Term duration7 days100,800The length of a council member's term until the next election round.
Voting period7 days100,800The council's voting period for motions.

The Polkadot Council consists of up to 13 members and up to 20 runners up.

Technical committeeTimeSlotsDescription
Cool-off period7 days100,800The time a veto from the technical committee lasts before the proposal can be submitted again.
Emergency voting period3 hours1,800The voting period after the technical committee expedites voting.

Staking, Validating, and Nominating

KusamaTimeSlotsDescription
Term duration1 Day14,400The time for which a validator is in the set after being elected. Note, this duration can be shortened in the case that a validator misbehaves.
Nomination period1 Day14,400How often a new validator set is elected according to Phragmén's method.
Bonding duration28 days403,200How long until your funds will be transferrable after unbonding. Note that the bonding duration is defined in eras, not directly by slots.
Slash defer duration28 days403,200Prevents overslashing and validators "escaping" and getting their nominators slashed with no repercussions to themselves. Note that the bonding duration is defined in eras, not directly by slots.

Treasury

TreasuryTimeSlotsDescription
Periods between spends24 days345,600When the treasury can spend again after spending previously.

Burn percentage is currently 1.00%.

Precision

DOT have 10 decimals of precision. In other words, 10 ** 10 (10,000,000,000 or ten billion) Plancks make up a DOT.

The denomination of DOT was changed from 12 decimals of precision at block #1,248,328 in an event known as Denomination Day. See Redenomination for details.

Last updated on 12/9/2020 by Polkadot Wiki CI
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