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Open Source Polkadot Stack

Do your research before using open-source tools

The tools listed here are open-source and are linked directly to their source code. Before using these tools to build your projects, always do your research and be aware of scams.

The goal of this page is to provide an overview of the open-source Polkadot/Kusama Tech Stack.

This is a living document and we are relying on our community to contribute to it and help maintain it. Please feel free to make edits and additions via pull requests. We apologize if we missed your project!


About

The Polkadot Tech Stack is a subset of the Web 3.0 Tech Stack, which consists of the open-source technologies contributing to and relying on Polkadot, Kusama and Substrate. It is meant to be used for decentralized application (Dapp) development within numerous verticals including DeFi, Gaming, Provenance and many others not pictured below.

|------|--------|------------|
| DeFi | Gaming | Provenance |
|______|________|____________|
Dapps
|--------------------------/-|
| Explorers, Wallets / |
|------------------------/---|
| Tools, Apis, Languages/ |
|----------------------/-----|
| 2nd layer protocols / |
|--------------------/-------|
| Chains / other |
|------------------/--- --|
| *Polkadot* | tech |
|------------------\---------|
| P2P, Crypto, Wasm \ |
|--------------------\-------|

Layers of Polkadot Stack

In the below sections you can find a list of different layers of the Polkadot Stack.

Maintenance Status:

  • 🟢 Actively maintained
  • 🟡 Stale (no activity on the main branch for one month)
  • ⚪ Unmaintained (no activity on the main branch for more than three months)

User Interface

ComponentsExisting projectsPotentially interesting projects
Desktop/Web Walletspolkadot-js/apps 🟢, Talisman Web Application 🟢, polkasafe 🟢, mydotwallet ⚪, Sub ID 🟢, AirGap 🟢, Primis ⚪, Sakura ⚪, Omni desktop ⚪, Web3Box ⚪, Coong Wallet 🟢User-friendly Wallet based on the Recovery Pallet, Web wallets focused on user-onboarding (e.g. using localStorage ), Enterprise Wallets
Browser ExtensionsSubWallet-Extension 🟢, Enkrypt 🟢, Polkadot{.js} 🟢, Polkadot-Js-Plus-Extension 🟡, Doter ⚪, Speckle OS ⚪, Kuma Cross-chain Wallet 🟢Sign-in with your polkadot, kusama, etc. account.
Mobile WalletsSubWallet-Mobile 🟢, Lunie ⚪, Polkawallet ⚪, Parity Signer 🟢, imToken ⚪, Fearless Wallet Android 🟢, Fearless Wallet iOS 🟢, Stylo ⚪, Nova Wallet 🟢, Fractapp ⚪, Interstellar Network ⚪, Hashed Wallet 🟡
Burner Wallets/Faucet/Giftsdotdrop 🟢, KodaDot ⚪, Astar Faucet Bot 🟢, Generic sybil-resistant faucetFaucet (a sybil-resistant way to receive free tokens)
Wallet PluginsMetamask-Snap by Chainsafe
CLI WalletSubwallet ⚪, Proxy-hot-wallet
Multisignature WalletsSubscan Multisig UI - React 🟢, Subscan Multisig UI ⚪, Dorafactory-Multisig ⚪, Multix 🟢
Hardware WalletsLedger Polkadot 🟢, Ledger Kusama 🟢, Ledger Statemint 🟡, Ledger Statemine 🟢Trezor
Block ExplorersCalamar 🟢, Polkaholic 🟢, Polkascan 🟡, Polkastats ⚪, Subscan 🟢, Statescan ⚪, Edgscan ⚪, Epirus 🟡, Ink! Explorer API ⚪, ZombieNet Block Explorer ❔, Substats 🟡, Hybrid Block Explorer 🟢Mempool focused explorer (including parachain transaction)
Validator DashboardsPolkadot Telemetry 🟢, Polkacube ⚪, YieldScan ⚪, Hubble ⚪, Cyclops 🟢, Web3Go 🟢
Node ExplorersPolkadot Node Explorer
NFT ExplorerNFT Explorer for Kusama & Polkadot 🟢
Governance DashboardsPolkassembly 🟡, dotreasury 🟢, Bright Treasury ⚪, OpenSquare offchain voting 🟢UI for the kusama and/or polkadot treasury (see bounty module ), UI for Parachain Lease Offering (PLO)
StakingStaking Rewards Collector 🟡, Staking Rewards Viewer ⚪, Polkadot Staking Site ⚪, Polkadot Staking Dashboard 🟢, Polkadot/Kusama Validator Selector ⚪, Staking Income CSV Generator
Bridge UIParity Bridges UI ⚪, Donut Interface (Steem - Dot)
Parachain/CrowdloanParachains.Network ⚪, PolkAuction ⚪, Crowdloan Front End Template 🟡
IdenticonPolkadotWebIdenticon ⚪, Polkadot Angular IdentIcon ⚪, Bird Identicon
OtherKappaSigmaMu Fratority ⚪, Quadratic Funding Webapp ⚪, Polkawatch, Bytepay ⚪, charging-management-platform ⚪, subidentity-webapp ⚪, OpenSquare Paid QA 🟢, DotPulse ⚪, Rubeus Keeper 🟡, Polkaflow 🟢Portfolio Viewer like Zapper or Zerion

Tools, APIs and Languages

ComponentsExisting projectsPotentially interesting projects
ParachainParachain utilities ⚪, GantreeTools to create parachains from frameworks used in other ecosystems
Client LibrariesCapi - Typescript 🟢, sub-api 🟢, Go 🟡, .Net ⚪, .NET Standard 2.0 🟢, C++ ⚪, C ⚪, Haskell 🟡, Javascript 🟢, Substrate API Sidecar - TypeScript 🟢, Python 🟢, Java (+ Android) ⚪, Substrate Client Java ⚪, Rust SCS 🟢, Rust Parity (subxt) 🟢, Rust pdotc PHP (gmajor-encrypt) 🟡, PHP (neha0921) ⚪, RPC-Ethereum 🟢, Swift ⚪, Kotlin ⚪, substrate-client-kotlin ⚪, substrate-client-swift 🟢, Dart 🟢, Substrate Core Polywrapper
Substrate Contract clientsPatractGo
SCALE CodecRust 🟢, TypeScript 🟢, Python 🟢, Golang Chainsafe 🟢, Golang Itering 🟡, C ⚪, C++ 🟡, JavaScript 🟢, AssemblyScript ⚪, Haskell 🟡, Java ⚪, Ruby ⚪, Dart ⚪, Swift ⚪, scale-codec-swift 🟢, scale-codec-kotlin ⚪, PHP 🟡, JavaScript by Soramitsu ⚪, Scale Codec Comparator 🟢, ScaleCodec.sol by Darwinia 🟢, ScaleCodec.sol by Snowfork 🟢
Easy Runtime DevelopmentSubalfred 🟢, substrate-stencil ⚪, Play Substrate 🟢, substrate-node-template 🟢, VS Code Plugin ⚪, Atom Code Plugin ⚪, Substrate Playground 🟡, Substrate Marketplace VS Code Plugin ⚪, AssemblyScript Runtime Generation ⚪, Substrate Package Manager ⚪, Subsembly: Framework for developing AssemblyScript Substrate Runtimes ⚪, dependency diener
Easy Smart Contract DevelopmentTypechain Polkadot 🟡, ink-playground 🟢, Ink! Remix Plugin ⚪, Signac ⚪, INK!athon 🟢, ink!-boxes ⚪, ink!-smart-contract-wizard ⚪, Polkadot Contract Wizard 🟢
Runtime/Pallet SecuritySubstrate Toml Lint ⚪, K specifications 🟢, PolPatrol - Polkadot Runtime CheckerAutomated Runtime checking tools, economic audit simulator such as gauntlet.network
Smart Contract LanguagesAsk! 🟢, Subscript ⚪, Solang 🟢, Ink! 🟢, Move VM Substrate ⚪, Move smart contract by Neatcoin ⚪, Sol2Ink 🟢, eBPF Contracts HackathonFunctional Programming Languages, other languages with developed toolchains
Smart Contract Securityink! Analyzer 🟢, Vanguard
TestingSubshell 🟢, substrate-simnode 🟢, Halva ⚪, Ink Waterfall 🟢, Redspot ⚪, MixBytes Tank ⚪, sub-flood ⚪, Substrate debug-kit ⚪, Dotscale - SCALE Codec Comparator ⚪, Asset CLI tool ⚪, sub_crash ⚪, subwasm 🟢, subsee ⚪, polkadot-lab ⚪, RPC-perf
Static AnalysisSubstrace ⚪, Static analyzer for Substrate FRAME's pallets ⚪, CoinFabrik 🟡, Ink! Analyzer 🟢
TestnetZombienet 🟢, Chopsticks 🟢, Polkadot Launch ⚪, polkadot-starship ⚪, Fork off Substrate ⚪, try-runtime-cli 🟢, Parachain Launch 🟢
BenchmarkingClockchain ⚪, Substrate Graph Benchmarks ⚪, ink! & pallet benchmarking template
Blockchain Indexing EngineSubstrate Archive ⚪, PSQL Indexer ⚪, Substrate Graph ⚪, Hydra ⚪, Subquery 🟢, Polkadot Profit Transformer 🟢
Blockchain/Event MonitoringWeb3 Guardian ⚪, Aurras Event Manager 🟢, @commonwealth/chain-events ⚪, Massbit ❔, Polkadot Basic Notifications
GamingCrossbow 🟡Amethyst + Substrate
No-code PlatformsEzCode's Polkadot.js plugin on Bubble.io ⚪, Blackprint Visual Programming Polkadot.js module 🟢, SubRelay
XCMXCM-tools 🟢, XCM-tools Golang 🟡,ParaSpell 🟡, XBI 🟢, XCM TS/JS SDK
WalletsTalisman Connect ⚪, SubWallet-SubConnect 🟡, Metadata Portal 🟢, Tesseract ⚪, WalletConnect ⚪, BitGoJS 🟢
Otheropen-web3 JS library ⚪, VM-Bridge ⚪, srtool 🟡, srtool-cli 🟢, Substrate Tip Bot 🟢, ORI (Onchain Risk Intelligence) ⚪, PolkaTools ⚪, polkadot-scripts 🟢, Sube ⚪, data-store-sidecar ⚪, SugarFunge ⚪, substrate-wasmedge ⚪, EightFish 🟢

ink Smart Contracts

ComponentsExisting projectsPotentially interesting projects
BridgesDante Protocol
DeFiink_bank, Polkadot AMM ⚪, Vera ⚪, Nsure Insurance ⚪, Everlasting Cash ⚪, Coinversation ⚪, zenlink-dex-contract ⚪, AlgoCashNew seigniorage-style stable coins
GamingOpen Emoji Battler 🟢, NewOmega
DAOSyncraDAO, subDAO ⚪, RainbowDAO ⚪, MangoBox
Identity/DIDAZERO.ID
Spam ProtectionProsopo
ToolingOpenBrush 🟢
OtherCandle Auctions ⚪, polkasign-contract ⚪, OCEX ⚪, Roloi ⚪, MangoSale 🟡, ArtZero 🟡

Chains and Pallets

ComponentsExisting projectsPotentially interesting projects
Scalable TransactionsPerun channels ⚪, CLI demo of Perun ⚪, Astar 🟢, Celer ⚪, Gunclearroll-ups, DAG-based consensus mechanisms, side chains
BridgesinterBTC 🟢, ChainBridge ⚪, EOS by Bifrost ⚪, POA - Substrate ⚪, Substrate - Ethereum DAI Bridge ⚪, Substrate - Substrate Bridge ⚪, BTC by ChainX 🟡, Cosmos-Substrate bridge ⚪, Substrate IBC Pallet 🟢, Polkadot Ethereum Bridge 🟢, Darwinia 🟢, Spacewalk: a Stellar bridge 🟢, FilecoindotZCash
PrivacyWebb Anon ⚪, ZeroChain ⚪, pLibra (Phala Network) 🟢, Automata Network ⚪, zCloak Network ❔, Zero Network 🟢, Silent Data 🟢Multi-Asset Shielded Pool (MASP) , Zkay, Zexe
ZKPZeroPool ⚪, Megaclite ⚪, zkMega ⚪, PLONK for Substrate ⚪, Webb Anchor Protocol 🟢, zk-SNARKs tutorial ⚪, substrate-zk 🟢
TEEAcurast 🟢, Integritee 🟢, substraTEEKeysafe Protocol
DeFiPrivaDEX ⚪, Reef ⚪, Diora 🟡, Pendulum Chain 🟢, Compound Gateway ⚪, Parallel Finance 🟢, PINT ⚪, Laminar Chain ⚪, Acala 🟢, Centrifuge 🟢, Stafi 🟢, Definex ⚪, OAX Foundation ⚪, Cybex ⚪, Zenlink ⚪, Swaps Pallet ⚪, Polkadex 🟡, SubDEX ⚪, HydraDX 🟢, Substrate Stablecoin ⚪, Standard protocol ⚪, Polkaswap 🟢, Curve AMM ⚪, Konomi Network ⚪, Stable Asset 🟢, Libra Payment ⚪, Mangata 🟢, Tidechain 🟢, Basilisk 🟢, Polymesh 🟢DEX with privacy and confidentiality features such as those found in a dark pool
Smart contract chainsmoonbeam 🟢, Edgeware ⚪, ParaState ⚪, gear 🟢, CENNZnet ⚪, SkyeKiwi ⚪, OAK-blockchain 🟢, ICE Blockchain 🟡, Polkadot Smart Chain ⚪, Madara - Cairo/Starknet 🟢smart contract chains with novel security approaches, smart contract chains based on existing toolchains
OracleLaminar 🟢, Chainlink-polkadot ⚪, Ares Protocol ⚪, Kylin Network ⚪, interbtc-clients oracle 🟢, Anonima ⚪, SaaS3 🟡, Tellor 🟢, Bridgestate Oracle 🟢
Identity/DIDParami ⚪, Litentry 🟢, pallet-did ⚪, dot-id
IoTNodle 🟢, MXC/DataHighway ⚪, peaq-network-node
Verifiable ClaimsKILT 🟢, Dock 🟢, Fennel Protocol 🟢
Supply chainDSCP Node 🟢
Health care
Data AvailabilityAvail 🟢
Social NetworkingFrequency 🟢, Social Network ⚪, SubSocial 🟢, ZeroDAO ⚪, Myriad Node 🟢, Wika Network ⚪, Project Liberty 🟢, Listen ⚪, Tribal Protocol ⚪, Five Degrees on Substrate ⚪, Acuity SocialPrivate instant messenger that uses on-chain identity
Governance/DAOHashed Network 🟢, Sunshine DAO ⚪, Governance OS ⚪, Idavoll Network ⚪, Substrate Moloch ⚪, QRUCIAL-DAO 🟢, Societal 🟢, DAOs ⚪, Shivarthu 🟢, Faterium 🟢, Supersig 🟡, GenesisDAO 🟢, DAO Entrance 🟢Consul - Open Government and E-Participation Web Software
Prediction Markets and FutarchyZeitgeist 🟢, X Predict Market
MessagingHOPR ⚪, Nolik ❔, Uke 🟡, Diffy Chat 🟢
File Storage, CloudSubsocial-Offchain ⚪, DatDot 🟡, Crust Network 🟢, offchain::ipfs ⚪, Canyon Network ⚪, CESS 🟡, CESS Proving Subsystem ⚪, Iris ⚪, fmd-cess ⚪, IPFS Frame V3 ⚪, Threefold Chain 🟢, Apron ⚪, IPFS Utilities 🟡
Name ServiceSubstrate Names ⚪, ENS on Substrate ⚪, PNS-Pallets 🟢, Faceless ⚪, Anchor 🟢
GamingBit.country 🟢, SubGame ⚪, subzero ⚪, Web3Games ⚪, Ajuna Network 🟢, Gafi Network ⚪, Asylum 🟢, 3DPass 🟢, Polket 🟡
Computation/AIDeepBrain Chain 🟢, AI Infrastructure on Blockchain
Enable specific use-casesRobonomics 🟢, UniversalDOT ⚪, Evercity Sustainable Finance Protocol ⚪, Fennel Protocol 🟢, logion 🟢
NFTternoa 🟡, FRAME Pallet: NFTs for Substrate ⚪, Unique NFT Parachain 🟢, DNFT ⚪, RMRK-Substrate 🟡, NT-NFTs ⚪, Green Lemon ⚪, Basilisk 🟢
RandomnessDKG and Randomness Beacon ⚪, drand-substrate-client
LicensingAnagolay Network 🟢
Banking IntegrationFIAT on-off-ramp 🟢
CrowdfundingImbue Network 🟢, Quadratic Funding pallet by Dora ⚪, Quadratic Funding pallet by OAKMinimum Anti-Collusion Infrastructure (MACI)
Collection of PalletsSubstrate Open Runtime Module Library 🟢, warehouse 🟢, InvArch FRAME Pallet Library 🟢
MarketplacesDot Marketplace ⚪, Gated Marketplace 🟢, Ventur
Carbon CreditsBitGreen 🟢, Carbon Assets Pallet ⚪, Sequester Pallets
UTXOTuxedo 🟢
OtherSubstrate Account Filter ⚪, Subtensor 🟢, AdMeta ⚪, Chocolate Node ⚪, Virto Network ⚪, Substrate Validator Set 🟢, DEIP ⚪, DeBio 🟢, MathChain ⚪, encointer 🟢, Grassland ⚪, Substrate-Tutorials 🟢, Fair Squares 🟡, Totem Live Accounting ⚪, Escrow Pallet ⚪, TREX 🟡, Relation Graph ⚪, Decentralized Invoice ⚪, Redstone Network ⚪, Access Control Pallet 🟡, Omniverse DLT 🟡Decentralized review/reputation system

Host

ComponentsExisting projectsPotentially interesting projects
RustSubstrate 🟢, Cumulus 🟢
C++Kagome 🟢, Mayon 🟡
GoGossamer 🟢
JavaJava Host Research
AssemblyScript
Light Clientsmoldot 🟢, Substrate Connect 🟢, C++ Polkadot Light Client

Network Maintenance Tools

ComponentsExisting projectsPotentially interesting projects
Secure validator setupPolkadot Validation Node Ansible Setup 🟡, W3F Polkadot Validator Setup ⚪, polkadot-ansible
High availability setupArchipel ⚪, Polkadot Failover Mechanism ⚪, Datagen ⚪, High Availability Validator Setup 🟡
Load Balanced Endpointsterragrunt-polkadot ⚪, Geometry Labs' Substrate Meta repo
Deployment ToolsPolkadot Package Manager ⚪, PolkaHub ⚪, Avado ⚪, Polkadot Deployer ⚪, Unified Collator Deployment 🟡
Validator monitoringONE-T 🟢, SubVT ⚪, P.A.N.I.C. ⚪, Polkalert ⚪, B-Harvest ⚪, nmonpolkadot ⚪, Polkadot-K8s-Monitor 🟡, Polkadot-Watcher 🟡, 1KV Telegram Bot
Validator payout managementSubstrate validator auto payout ⚪, Polkadot Payouts ⚪, staking-payouts CLI 🟡, Payctl ⚪, crunch 🟢
Staking MinerStaking Miner v2 🟢
Nominator ToolsValidator Selection 🟡, Polkanalyzer 🟢, Polkanalyzer-app

Signatures

ComponentsExisting projectsPotentially interesting projects
SR25519rust 🟡(contains partial bindings for C, JavaScript, and Python), .Net bindings ⚪, C(old), C 🟢(new), C/C++ ⚪, C# ⚪, Go 🟢, java ⚪, PHP
Signature Aggregationapk-proofs 🟢
Distributed key generation (DKG) or managementkeygen.rs ⚪, Secure Wallet Origin Distribution (SWORD)
Validator HSMsZondax Remote Signer

Consensus

ComponentsExisting projectsPotentially interesting projects
PoCSpartan
PoWPoW consensus for Substrate 🟢, RandomX ⚪, Sha3 PoW
Block productionBABE 🟢, Aura 🟢
FinalityGRANDPA 🟢, AlephBFT 🟢
OtherNimbus: Upgradeable consensus framework 🟢

Networking

ComponentsExisting projectsPotentially interesting projects
DHT crawlerGo ⚪, Kotlin
RPC Tor-like accessWhiteNoise

Primitives

ComponentsExisting projectsPotentially interesting projects
StorageMerkle Tree DB 🟢
Merkle ProofsSolidity Trie Verifier 🟡

Contributing

Pull requests, issues, or other contributions from the community are encouraged! You can not only add specific projects, but also potentially interesting fields/areas which are currently missing in the tech stack.

❗ All technologies listed above need to be open-source. Ideally, the links lead directly to the code.

Note: You will need a GitHub account to suggest changes or open issues. If you do not have one, you may sign up for free.